The church of the Incoronata is located in the area where some Angevin palaces once stood, in Largo delle Corregge where jousts and tournaments took place. The history of the foundation of the Incoronata is not clear, perhaps built on a previous structure founded by Charles II of Anjou at the beginning of the fourteenth century, seat of the Court of the Kingdom. Subsequently, Queen Joanna I, around 1352, apparently established a hospital for the poor and a church dedicated to the Crown of Thorns of Jesus.

The church is below street level because it was partially buried with the expansion of the city walls in the 16th century. After years of restoration it presents itself today in its fifteenth-century guise. Inside there are two important fresco cycles by Roberto d’Oderisio, a painter who trained in the Giotto environment in Naples. The first cycle, dating back to around 1340-1343, depicts the Biblical Stories. The second dates back to the years 1352-1354 and represents the Sacraments and the Triumph of the Church. Through these frescoes we can understand the great power of the language of Giotto, a painter active since 1328 in two construction sites in Naples: in Santa Chiara and in Castel Nuovo.